Yes, the VI Windows version via Proton is superiour to the native linux build. Steam Deck likely defaults to the native version, but that can be overridden with 4 clicks.

There’s also RetroArch, though can be a little pain to setup.

Vast majority of games work just fine on linux, can’t say for launchbox (looks like just a game launcher, if so, you can use Steam Big Picture mode, even for non-steam games, emulators etc.)

Visual Studio does not work, but if you’re a C# developer, there are cross-platform alternatives like VSCode and Rider.

Note: probably don’t use Ubuntu if you’re trying to escape a corproation dictacting how to use your computer though

“not my religion!”